REVIEWS
"None of the practices reviewed are accepted merely because they “have always been done;” each is subjected to the standard of data-based effectiveness. Every public policy maker should have this information and can do no better than to begin with this book." Meg Carroll in Education Review

CONTENTS
Preface. Introduction and Overview. Dropout in Relation to Grade Retention: An Accounting of the Beginning School Study. Grade Retention and School Dropout: Another Look at the Evidence. Is Grade Retention Educational Malpractice? Empirical Evidence from Meta-Analyses Examining the Efficacy of Grade Retention. Race-ethnicity, Social Background, and Grade Retention. Race Effects on Ability Group Outcomes. Classroom Organization and Instructional Quality. Grouping, Tracking, and De-tracking: Conclusions from Experimental, Correlational, and Ethnographic Research. Understanding Research on the Consequences of Retention.